General Information:
Environmental Biotechnology:
Environmental biotechnology, is the application of all components of biotechnology to environmental problems. The prime target of this science is the abatement of pollution through bioremedation/ biotreatment or supporting as resources for human use in non polluting ways. It can also help in cleaner production of existing products. On the whole it encompasses aspects of natural resources management.
Thus the major areas of understanding can be grouped as follows:
* Environmental pollution abatement through biodegradation, biotranformation,
bioaccumulation of toxicity like organics, metals, oil & hydrocarbons, dyes, detergents etc.
* Energy management through production nonconventional nonpolluting energy like biodeasel methanol, biogass, biohydrogen etc.
* Agricultural application of biofertilizer, biopesticides, or bioorganics of multiple users,
* Recovery of resources from toxic or nontoxic wastes through biotechnological approach,
* Biosensor approach of pollution monitoring and several other allied issues.
Abstracts have been taken directly from source document like research report, journals,
Internet, seminars, proceedings, standards and patents. All the resources published within the year 2000 onwards.
Abstracts are broadly classified and arranged under the following heads:
Bioaccumulation: Bioaccumulation means an increase in the concentration of a chemical in a biological organism over time, compared to the chemical's concentration in the environment. Compounds accumulate in living things any time they are taken up and stored faster than they are broken down (metabolized) or excreted. Understanding the dynamic process of bioaccumulation is very important in protecting human beings and other organisms from the adverse effects of chemical exposure, and it has become a critical consideration in the regulation of chemicals.
Bioremediation:
Bioremediation is an invaluable tool box which enables us to apply the potential of biological diversity for pollution abatement. Bioremediation is the use of biological interventions of biodiversity for mitigation (and wherever possible, complete elimination) of the noxious effects caused by environmental pollutants in a given site. It operates through the principles of biogeochemical cycling.
It is a clean-up technology that uses naturally occurring microorganisms to degrade hazardous substances into less toxic or nontoxic compounds. These microorganisms may:
1. Ingest and degrade organic substances as their food and energy source,
2. Degrade organic substances, such as chlorinated solvents or petroleum products, that are hazardous to living organisms, including humans, and degrade the organic contaminants into inert products.
Because the microorganisms already occur naturally in the environment they pose no contamination risk.
Bio-Transformation: This is a process of Biological changes of complex compound to simpler toxic to non-toxic or vice-versa. Several microorganism are capable of transforming a variety of compound founding nature but generally with respect to synthetic compound they are unable to show any appropriate action. Biotransfer appears to be one of the major detoxication method known so far.
Biomarker: It is a biological response to a chemical that gives a measure of exposure and, sometimes, of toxic effect. Biological markers found in crude oils and source rock extracts can provide molecular evidence of the correlation among oils and their sources.
Manufacturers:
Clinigene International Pvt. Ltd.(www.biocon.com)
Bangalore bio (www.bangalorebio.com)
Bioenergy: In recent decades, efforts were made for evolving were non-polluting bioenergy sources or energy generation from organic waste or biomass. These are all ecofreindly solution. Biomass energy supply demand balances have become a component of energy sector analysis and planning and assumed greater importance in countries. These are variety of biological energy sources. Biomass, Biogas, Hydrogen are the example of Bioenergy.
Biofertilizer:
Biofertilizer containing efficient microorganisms, improve plant growth in many ways compared to synthetic fertilizers, by way of enhancing crop growth and thus help in sustainability of environment and crop productivity. The potential of biofertilizers can be exploited to ensure safe and healthy agricultural products.
To reduce the impact of excess chemical fertilizers in the field of agriculture the biofertilizer is a potential tool, biologically fixed nitrogen is such a source which can supply an adequate amount of Nitrogen to plants and other nutrients to some extent. Many free living and symbiotic bacteria which fix atmospheric Nitrogen were used as biofertiliser material as a substitute for Nitrogen fertilizer. In general two types of biofertiliser are used 1. Bacterial Biofertilizer, 2. Algal Biofertilizer
Manufacturers:
Gujarat Pesticides (http://www.gujaratpesticides.co.in)
The Murugappa Group ( http://www.murugappa.com/index_home.htm)
Parker India Group (http://www.organicneem.com)
United Agro Industries (http://www.indiamart.com/united-agro/)
Dalmia Greenfields (http://www.dalmiagreenfields.com/)
Kumar Krishimitra Bioproducts (I) Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.krishimitra.net/)
Ozone Biotech (http://www.ozonebiotech.com/)
Rajena Exports Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.rajena.com/)
Neem India Products Pvt Ltd. (http://www.neemindia.com/)
Bicco Agro Products Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.bicco.com/)
Microbax (India) Limited (http://www.microbax.com/)
Composting:
Composting is a managed biological process where organic matter is decomposed under aerobic (in the presence of oxygen) and thermophilic conditions (temperature above 45 ° C) in the presence of microorganisms and invertebrates in the soil. The ultimate product is compost / "gardener's gold", the stable humus-like material which is a valuable soil amendment for use in agricultural and urban areas. Adding compost to soil increases its ability to hold water and boosts its nutrient and organic matter content. These attributes allow compost to stimulate plant growth. It can also be used to control erosion on steep slopes, thereby protecting water quality. A composting system confines the organic material and often controls the conditions in the material so that the breakdown is accelerated.
It involves combining organic materials under conditions that enables them to decompose more quickly than they would in nature. Think about logs and leaves on the ground in a forest. The leaves will break down and disappear within a year. Logs of course will take much longer to crumble away. Composting involves combining organic materials under conditions that enables them to decompose more quickly than they would in nature.
Manufacturers:
Gujarat Chemicals And Fertilizer Trading Company, 23, B. H. Complex Near Utkarsh Petrol Pump
Karelibaug , Baroda, Gujarat, India, 390 018
Mac Hi Tech: Madakkathara , Thrissur, Kerala, India, 680 651
Baba Bio Tech: 4/3, 1st Main Road, M. M. D. A., Maduravoyal , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 600 095
Prakruthi: #6 (4/2) II, Main Road, Seethammal Colony, Alwarpet , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 600 018
Namitha Farms: 2/31, Kanchiravayal, Ram Nagar, Devakottai Extension , Sivagangai Dt, Tamil Nadu,
India, 630 303
Vivekananda Chemicals Manufacturers and exporters of Vermicompost: H. No.4-41-189/2 & 3, Plot Nos.
C-249 & C-250, C-Block, Papi Reddy Nagar, Balanagar , Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, 500 037
Ananya Agrotech: 49-36-30/4, N. G. G. O Colony, Akkayyapalem , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh,
India, 530 016
Samruddhi Agro Products Manufacturers of all types of Vermicompost: At Post- Marwad, Tal- Amalner,
Dist.- Jalgaon(MS) , Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India, 425 402
Jagania Agro Product: Umiyapura , Near Khalichar Rasta, Khali , Sidhpur, Gujarat, India, 384 151
S. S Vermi Compost Farm: 12-2-21, Pandiarajapuram, Vadipatty, T. K., Madurai , Madurai, Tamil Nadu,
India, 625 209
Bio Agronics Private Limited :16/A-2, Bhagwaghar Layout, Dharempeth , Nagpur, Maharashtra,
India, 440 010
P. S. G. Consultancy Services : Avinashi Road, 102, Peelmedu , Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 641 028
Akshar Agro : 207, Chitrarath C. G. Road , Navrangpura , Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, 380 009
Gokul Organics : # 1553, Sector 34-D , Chandigarh, India, 160 034
Biopesticide:
Biopesticide containing extremely effective and beneficial microorganisms, is vital in today's world as it offers the potential to meet our agricultural needs compared to synthetic insecticides and pesticides. Biopesticide can improve plant performance by inducing systemic defense responses that confer broad spectrum resistance to plant pathogens and even insect herbivores. For example:
pest control by biological antagonism appears to be very useful tool in recent years. Bacterial pesticides are being developed. Heliothis complex, which lives in close association with plant roots, consists of two major crop pests budworm and ball warm. Biological insecticides against both these insects are being prepared by transfer of a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
Manufacturers:
Hulimavu Horticulture Farm, (www.southindia.org/horticulture)
Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation (www.vmsrf.org)
Indianeem.org (http://www.indianeem.org)
Gujarat Chemicals And Fertilizer Trading Company, 23, B. H. Complex Near Utkarsh
Petrol Pump Karelibaug , Baroda, Gujarat, India, 390 018
Biodegradation: It is nature's way of recycling wastes, breaking down organic matter into nutrients that can be used by other organisms. "Degradation" means decay, and the "bio-" prefix means that the decay is carried out by a huge assortment of bacteria, fungi, maggots, worms, and other organisms that eat dead material and recycle it into new forms.
In nature, there is no waste because everything gets recycled. The waste products from one organism become the food for others, providing nutrients and energy while breaking down the waste organic matter. Some organic materials will break down much faster than others, but all will eventually decay.
By harnessing these natural forces of biodegradation, people can reduce wastes and clean up some types of environmental contaminants. Through composting, we accelerate natural biodegradation and convert organic wastes to a valuable resource.
Biosensor: Biosensor represents biophysical devices which will detect the presence and measure the quantities of specific substances in a varity of environments. These specific substances may include sugars, proteins, or humas and varity of toxins in the industrial effluents. In designing a biosensor an enzyme or an antibody or even microbial cells are associated with microchip devices which are used for quantitative estimate of a substance.
Manufacturers:
Ambri's Biosensor technology (http://www.ambri.com/)
RAPID BIOSENSOR SYSTEMS LTD (http://www.rapidbiosensor.com/)
Alpha Technologies: 3, First Floor, Gokulam Main Road, Jayalakshmipuram,
Mysore-570013.Karnataka.
Bioengineering: It is a developing speciality featuring a multidisciplinary approach to the solution of problems in medicine and biology, based on the application of advances in science, engineering and technology. A major focus for bioengineering is to improve the quality of life of people with medical conditions that restrict independent living and integration within the community.
Pollen-Biotechnology: This is a new field of science delaying with the pollen chemistry allerginicity of aerospora. This subject also covers genetic manipulation of pollen development of haploid culture. Such haploid plant have remains values in genetic research.
Biotechnology Policy Issue: Biotechnology appears to be a emerging science in present decades. Genetic manipulation and development of genetically modified organism in human welfare is now showed a potential prospect and risk. Thus researches and application of Biotechnology in diverse field is a major policy issue in the present decades.
Agricultural Biotechnology: Over the years tremendous success was made in diverse field of agriculture by applying Biotechnology. It includes development of genetically modified crops, genetically improvement in sericulture practices, improvement in Biofertilizer development and similar other aspects. Crop production against pest and disease stress resistance of crops also considered to be emerging area of Agricultural Biotechnology.
BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIES IN INDIA
Pharmaceutical Companies (http://www.cato.com/biotech/bio-co.html)
Biocon (http://www.biocon.com)
Ankur Scientific Energy Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.ankurscientific.com)
Avestha Gengraine Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.avesthagen.com/)
Bangalore Genei Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.bangaloregenei.com/)
Bharat Biotech International Limited (http://www.bharatbiotech.com/)
Bio-Instruments & Biolab Systems (http://business.vsnl.com/bioinst/)
Biosoft (http://business.vsnl.com/biosoft/)
Biotech Consortium India Limited (BCIL) (http://www.biotech.co.in/)
Care Biomedicals (http://www.carebio.com/)
Greenearth Biotechnologies Limited (http://www.greenearthbiotech.com/)
Labland Biotechs (http://www.lablandbiotechs.com/)
MWG Biotech (http://www.mwgdna.com/html/all/index.php)
Organica Biotech Pvt. Ltd. (http://www.organicabiotech.com/)
AMIT BIOTECH (http://www.amitbiotech.com)
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